Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) in puppies, common in toy breeds under 3-4 months, occurs when they cannot maintain blood glucose, causing severe weakness, lethargy, tremors, or seizures. It is caused by immature liver storage, high energy, or stress, and can be fatal if untreated. Immediate care includes supplying sugar to the puppy's gums and urgent veterinary attention.

 

Signs of Puppy Hypoglycemia

• Initial: Extreme lethargy, unusual tiredness, or weakness.

• Progressive: Wobbly ("drunk") gait, disorientation, trembling, shaking, and twitching.

• Severe: Seizures, coma, cold body temperature, and glassy eyes. 

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Causes

• Size and Age: Small breeds have limited glycogen storage.

• Insufficient Nutrition: Irregular feeding or not eating enough.

• Stress/Energy Expenditure: Intense playing, cold environments, or stress from moving homes.

• Illness: Parasites or bacterial infections can consume glucose rapidly. 

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Immediate First Aid and Treatment
If a puppy is showing signs of low blood sugar, it is an emergency!

 

1.  Rub Glucose on Gums: Apply a small amount of honey, maple syrup, corn syrup, or Karo syrup directly onto the gums.  We often use Nutri-Cal Gel as a preventative and encourages puppy to eat (appetite stimulant).

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2.  Warm the Puppy: Hypoglycemic puppies often lose body heat; keep them warm.

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3.  Encourage Eating: If conscious, offer food.  Spoil them with favorites.

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4. Veterinary Care: If the puppy does not quickly improve, they need emergency care for intravenous dextrose. 

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